Field Notes

Tikang oo is native to the temperate regions of Europe expanding its distribution upto Japan in Asia, typically found at elevations between 2000 and 4300 meters. Gagea lutea (Yellow Star of Bethlehem) gets its name from its yellow flowers and star-shaped petals.

Daphne mucronata Royle, first described in 1836 from the Western Himalayas, is one of the few species originally documented from this region (J.D. Hooker in Flora of British India (FBI 5: 193)).

According to local communities in Kinnaur, the fruits of Pyrus pashia (known locally as Lee) are eaten by wild animals like monkeys and bears, as well as by humans. However, the number of wild Himalayan pear trees has declined sharply in recent years contributing not only to the species’ decline but also to rising instances of human-wildlife conflict.

The pollen of Isodon rugosus (Wrinkled Leaf Isodon) is a major food source for bees in spring, making it an important plant for honey production in the region. Both the Eastern honeybee (Apis cerana) and the European honeybee (Apis mellifera) forage on its flowers.

Although currently listed as Least Concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List, Bergenia ciliata is facing a declining population trend (assessed in 2019). This species flowers during the winter and early spring months, a time when most other floral resources are scarce. Its early blooms serve as a crucial food source for a range of pollinators including the native honeybee (Apis cerana), bumblebees (Bombus spp.), common drone fly (Eristalis tenax) and butterflies like Cynthia cardui.

Chemical analysis of P. denticulata has revealed the presence of Primetin-19, a flavonoid suggesting that P. denticulata may have potential as a snake venom antidote. However, ethnobotanical records on its traditional use for this purpose remain limited.

The deep roots of horsetail act as nutrient pumps in wetlands, transporting phosphorus, potassium, and calcium to the soil’s surface.

Flowers of honeysuckle show variation in color, with young flowers being white and older flowers turning yellow.

Salix denticulata  ( Elegant Willow ) Vernacular name: Shon  (in Kinnauri) Click here  to watch a short video about this species Click...

Betula forests are considered to be a keystone species in subalpine ecosystems, and often regarded as a climax species as well.

Brekling wood is naturally resistant to termites, making it a preferred material for crafting household items, and as bio-fence & even soap.

Overharvesting the tree's bark for Paclitaxel (Taxol®) has significantly contributed towards its endangered status on the IUCN Red List.

In 2020, scientists made a groundbreaking observation of young saplings of the Himalayan Pencil Cedar growing at an elevation of 4,122 meter

The Juniperus genus is unique within the Cupressaceae family because it has both monoecious and dioecious sexual systems.

Despite its resilience, the Common Juniper is facing increasing threats, particularly in parts of Europe, where habitat destruction and degr

Khrog is a keystone species, meaning it plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and balance of its ecosystem by supporting a wide var

Pinus wallichiana is an early successional species. It grows rapidly and is known to stablise soils in disturbed environments.

Cedrus deodara locally known as Kyalbang (in Kinnauri) and Deodar (in Hindi), is a coniferous tree endemic to the Western Himalayas.

I discuss major pests of apple trees, the challenges posed by synthetic chemical fungicides, and the potential of natural alternatives.